Cardiac surgery involves surgery on the heart or heart valves. A cardiac surgeon performs heart surgery, also known as coronary artery bypass surgery, on patients who have heart disease or heart valve disorders. Reasons that may make heart surgery necessary are: coronary artery disease, congenital heart defects, disease of the heart valves, or heart attack. Some heart conditions can cause permanent damage to the heart muscle, and can be fatal.
Doctor density varies by specialty and location. The United States has 804 practicing cardiac surgeons. Broken out by state, cardiac surgery doctor density in Alabama is 12, in Alaska is 1, in Arizona is 16, in Arkansas is 2, in California is 105, in Colorado is 6, in Connecticut is 21, in Delaware is 5, in District of Columbia is 5, in Florida is 51, in Georgia is 11, in Hawaii is 5, in Idaho is 1, in Illinois is 51, in Indiana is 8, in Iowa is 9, in Kansas is 5, in Kentucky is 10, in Louisiana is 15, in Maine is 3, in Maryland is 31, in Massachusetts is 34, in Michigan is 22, in Minnesota is 23, in Mississippi is 5, in Missouri is 21, in Montana is 4, in Nebraska is 7, in Nevada is 7, in New Hampshire is 3, in New Jersey is 40, in New Mexico is 6, in New York is 79, in North Carolina is 13, in North Dakota is 4, in Ohio is 45, in Oklahoma is 3, in Oregon is 4, in Pennsylvania is 160, in Rhode Island is 10, in South Carolina is 14, in South Dakota is 5, in Tennessee is 12, in Texas is 33, in Utah is 4, in Vermont is 1, in Virginia is 24, in Washington is 12, in West Virginia is 7, and in Wisconsin is 8.
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